What Is C16-23 Alkane?
C16-23 Alkane is a silky blend of saturated hydrocarbons that each contain between 16 and 23 carbon atoms. Chemists group these hydrocarbons under the term alkanes, a family of straight or slightly branched chains that are fully “hydrogen-saturated,” meaning they carry no double bonds. The ingredient shows up in formulas as a clear odorless liquid or soft wax, depending on the exact chain mix.
Most suppliers obtain C16-23 Alkane by carefully fractionating petroleum or plant-derived oils, then subjecting the cut to high-pressure hydrogenation and filtration. These extra steps strip out aromatic compounds, sulfur traces and color bodies, leaving a pure skin-friendly material that meets cosmetic regulations worldwide.
Alkanes in this carbon-length range are prized for their lightweight cushiony feel, a texture that skincare chemists began exploring as an alternative to heavier mineral oils back in the 1990s. As clean beauty gained momentum the industry refined the purification process, and by the mid-2010s C16-23 Alkane had become a go-to slip agent in waterless balms and modern hair oils.
Today you will most often spot it in facial oils, moisturizers, sunscreen sticks, lip balms, color cosmetics, baby care and “barrier repair” products where a non-greasy protective layer is desired.
C16-23 Alkane’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
In skincare and makeup formulas C16-23 Alkane plays two key roles that both center on keeping skin soft and comfortable.
- Skin Conditioning: By forming a thin breathable layer across the surface, it helps slow water loss so skin feels smoother and more supple. This makes it useful in products designed to soothe dryness or reinforce the moisture barrier.
- Emollient: Its lightweight texture fills in the microscopic gaps between dead skin cells, giving an immediate soft-touch finish without a heavy oily residue. This sensory profile improves spreadability and can replace or reduce silicones in “silicone-free” claims.
Who Can Use C16-23 Alkane
C16-23 Alkane is generally well tolerated by most skin types, from dry and mature to normal, combination and even oily or sensitive skin, thanks to its lightweight non-greasy feel and low potential for irritation.
The ingredient is mineral or plant derived with no animal components so products that use a petrochemical or plant origin grade are typically suitable for vegans and vegetarians; anyone following a strict lifestyle should still verify the source with the brand.
Current ingredient safety assessments list C16-23 Alkane as safe for use during pregnancy and while breastfeeding in rinse-off or leave-on products. This is not medical advice and pregnant or nursing individuals should ask a healthcare professional before adding any new skincare item to their routine just to be safe.
C16-23 Alkane is chemically stable in sunlight and does not make skin more sensitive to UV rays, so it carries no known risk of photosensitivity. It is odorless non-sensitizing and unlikely to interfere with other common cosmetic ingredients.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Reactions to topical C16-23 Alkane can vary by individual. The issues listed below are possible but uncommon and most users will not encounter them when the ingredient is properly formulated and used as directed.
- Transient redness or mild irritation on very sensitive skin
- Rare allergic contact dermatitis for individuals with a specific hydrocarbon sensitivity
- Temporary congestion or breakouts in users who are extremely prone to clogged pores
- Mild eye watering or stinging if a product containing it migrates into the eyes
- Enhanced penetration of other actives under the occlusive layer, which could amplify those actives’ side effects
If any uncomfortable reaction occurs discontinue use and seek guidance from a qualified healthcare professional.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 1 / 5
C16-23 Alkane sits low on the comedogenic scale because its molecules are straight chained and lightweight, so they spread thinly rather than pooling in pores. Unlike thicker mineral oils or waxes, this mid-length alkane evaporates or rubs off before it can trap dead cells and sebum. It is therefore generally suitable for people prone to acne or breakouts.
Formulas that pair C16-23 Alkane with heavy butters or high levels of silicones could raise the overall clogging risk, so the full ingredient list still matters.
Summary
C16-23 Alkane acts as a skin-conditioning emollient. It forms a light breathable film that slows water loss and fills surface gaps which leaves skin feeling soft and supple without a greasy afterfeel. This slip also improves spreadability so brands can cut down on silicones.
The ingredient has gained steady popularity in facial oils, balms and sunscreen sticks, especially in lines that market themselves as clean or silicone free. While not as famous as jojoba or squalane it is becoming a staple for formulators looking for a light mineral alternative.
Current safety data shows a very low irritation and allergy profile making it safe for use by most skin types including sensitive or pregnant users. As with any new product it is wise to perform a quick patch test before regular use to confirm personal tolerance.