What Is Digalloyl Trioleate?
Digalloyl Trioleate is a plant-derived ester created by linking gallic acid, a naturally occurring antioxidant found in many fruits and teas, with three units of oleic acid, the main fatty acid in olive oil. The result is a lipid-friendly compound that blends easily with cosmetic oils and creams.
The idea of marrying gallic acid with skin-loving fatty acids began in the early 2000s when formulators wanted a way to deliver antioxidant protection in a form that would sit comfortably on skin. By esterifying gallic acid with oleic acid they produced a molecule that resists oxidation, dissolves in oils and stays stable when exposed to light and air.
Commercially, Digalloyl Trioleate is made through a controlled esterification process. Purified gallic acid is reacted with oleic acid in the presence of a food-grade catalyst then the mixture is purified to remove any unreacted materials. The finished ingredient is a clear to pale yellow liquid with a mild, neutral scent.
Because of its oil solubility and protective properties you will usually see Digalloyl Trioleate in face oils, anti-aging serums, sunscreens, nourishing body lotions, after-sun products and color cosmetics like foundations or tinted moisturizers where it helps keep formulas fresh while supporting skin comfort.
Digalloyl Trioleate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
Formulators choose Digalloyl Trioleate for the extra layer of care it brings to both the product and the skin.
- Antioxidant: It neutralizes free radicals inside the formula and on the skin surface which helps prevent product spoilage, color changes and signs of premature aging such as dullness or fine lines.
- UV absorber: It soaks up a portion of UV rays, supporting sunscreen filters and helping protect delicate ingredients from breaking down when exposed to sunlight which extends the shelf life of the product and boosts overall photoprotection.
Who Can Use Digalloyl Trioleate
Thanks to its silky oil base Digalloyl Trioleate suits most skin types, especially normal, dry and mature skin that like a richer feel. Sensitive skin usually tolerates it well because the molecule is stable and free of common fragrance allergens. Extremely oily or acne-prone skin may find the texture a bit heavy, so lighter formulas or lower amounts are best in those cases.
The ingredient is synthesized from plant sources and no animal-derived processing aids are used, so it is considered vegan and vegetarian friendly.
Current data shows no specific risk for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Still, this information is not medical advice and anyone expecting or nursing should ask their healthcare provider before adding new skincare products.
Digalloyl Trioleate does not cause photosensitivity; it actually helps absorb some UV rays. It also carries no known issues for use on darker skin tones or in daytime products.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Reactions to topical Digalloyl Trioleate differ from person to person. The effects below are possible yet uncommon when the ingredient is used at typical cosmetic levels.
- Skin irritation such as redness, stinging or itching
- Clogged pores or breakouts in very oily or acne-prone skin
- Allergic contact dermatitis in individuals sensitive to gallic acid derivatives
- Product greasiness that may lead to shine or makeup slippage on combination skin
If any unwanted reaction occurs stop using the product and consult a qualified healthcare professional.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 2/5
Digalloyl Trioleate is built on oleic acid, a fatty acid that can be mildly pore clogging for some skin types, but the bulky gallic acid core makes the molecule less likely to pack tightly into follicles compared with straight oils. Most users will not notice clogged pores unless they are already very oil prone or using a heavy, occlusive formula.
Suitable for acne-prone skin only in lightweight products or low concentrations; those who break out easily may prefer to avoid it in rich creams or face oils.
As with any emollient ingredient the final product texture, the presence of other comedogenic materials and cleansing habits all influence whether breakouts occur.
Summary
Digalloyl Trioleate acts mainly as an antioxidant and a mild UV absorber. Its gallic acid portion sacrifices itself to neutralize free radicals while the trioleate arm keeps the molecule dissolved in oils, letting it spread smoothly across the skin and stabilize light sensitive ingredients in the formula.
It is a niche but growing ingredient that shows up in premium serums, sunscreens and nourishing creams where brands want plant based protection without synthetic preservatives.
Current research and market use point to a high safety profile with low irritation risk, yet individual sensitivities always vary, so give any new product a brief patch test first to make sure your skin stays happy.