What Is Disodium Lauryl Phosphate?
Disodium Lauryl Phosphate is the sodium salt of phosphoric acid combined with lauryl alcohol, a fatty alcohol that usually comes from coconut or palm oil. Chemically it belongs to the phosphate ester family and appears as a white to off-white powder or granule that dissolves readily in water.
The ingredient traces its cosmetic roots to the 1960s when formulators searched for milder alternatives to traditional soaps. By reacting lauryl alcohol with phosphoric acid, then neutralizing the mixture with sodium hydroxide, chemists created a surfactant that lathers well yet feels gentle on skin. This reaction, called esterification, is carried out under controlled heat followed by purification steps that remove leftover raw materials.
Because it cleanses without stripping and helps water mix with oils, Disodium Lauryl Phosphate shows up in many rinse-off and leave-on products. You will often find it in shampoos, facial cleansers, body washes, micellar waters, makeup removers, toothpaste, lotions, lightweight creams, clay or sheet masks and even some sunscreens where a light emulsifier is needed.
Disodium Lauryl Phosphate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
Formulators rely on this ingredient for two main reasons
- Cleansing: As a mild surfactant it lowers the surface tension of water so oil, dirt and product buildup can lift away more easily. This leads to effective yet gentle cleansing, making skin and hair feel fresh without a tight after-feel
- Emulsifying: It helps oil and water stay blended in a stable mixture. This keeps creams, lotions and other emulsions from separating on the shelf, ensuring consistent texture and performance throughout the product’s life
Who Can Use Disodium Lauryl Phosphate
Thanks to its mild nature Disodium Lauryl Phosphate is generally well tolerated by most skin types including oily, combination, normal and even sensitive complexions. Very dry or compromised skin may sometimes find any surfactant a bit dehydrating, so pairing it with a richer moisturizer is helpful.
The ingredient is typically sourced from coconut or palm oils with no animal derivatives, making it suitable for vegans and vegetarians. If ethical sourcing of palm oil is a concern, look for brands that certify sustainable supply chains.
No evidence suggests special risks for pregnant or breastfeeding women when the ingredient is used topically in rinse off or leave on cosmetics. This is not medical advice, and anyone who is expecting or nursing should clear new products with a health professional just to be safe.
Disodium Lauryl Phosphate does not increase photosensitivity, so it will not make skin more prone to sunburn. It is also compatible with common actives like niacinamide, AHAs and vitamin C, so formulation conflicts are rare.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Individual responses to topical Disodium Lauryl Phosphate can vary. The effects listed below are possible, not probable, and most people will not experience them when the ingredient is used in a properly formulated product.
- Temporary skin dryness or tightness, especially on very dry or eczema-prone areas
- Mild irritation such as redness or stinging if skin is already inflamed
- Eye discomfort or watering if the product gets into the eyes
- Rare allergic contact dermatitis presenting as itching or rash
If any of these effects occur discontinue use and seek advice from a healthcare professional.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 1 / 5
Disodium Lauryl Phosphate is highly water soluble and leaves minimal residue on skin, so it rarely blocks pores. Its molecules are too large and polar to settle into follicular openings, which keeps the risk of breakouts low. Because it is usually used at low levels and often in rinse-off products, the chance of clogging pores is even smaller.
This makes the ingredient generally suitable for people who are prone to acne or frequent breakouts. Only in formulas loaded with heavy oils or butters could its presence contribute indirectly to congestion.
Summary
Disodium Lauryl Phosphate acts as a mild cleanser and an emulsifier. It lowers the surface tension of water so dirt and oil can be lifted away, then stabilises the blend of oil and water phases to keep creams and cleansers smooth and uniform. These traits give formulators a gentle alternative to harsher sulfates, though it is not the flashiest or most talked-about ingredient on the market.
Overall it enjoys a solid safety record, with irritation or pore clogging being uncommon when used at normal cosmetic levels. As with any new skincare or haircare item it is wise to patch test to make sure your skin stays happy.