What Is Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate?
Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate is the disodium salt form of a sulfonated ester created from butanedioic acid and nonoxynol-10, a synthetic compound made by reacting nonylphenol with ethylene oxide. The result is a water-soluble molecule that combines an oil-friendly tail with a water-friendly head, making it effective at mixing oils and water. Commercial production usually starts with nonylphenol, which is ethoxylated to yield nonoxynol-10, then esterified with sulfosuccinic acid and finally neutralized with sodium hydroxide to give the disodium salt.
The ingredient has been around since the late 20th century, gaining popularity as formulators searched for milder alternatives to traditional sulfates. Its ability to create creamy foam without the harshness associated with some older surfactants led to its adoption in everyday personal care products.
You will most often find Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate in facial cleansers, body washes, bubble baths, shampoo, makeup removers and micellar waters. It also shows up in exfoliating masks and wipes where gentle yet effective cleansing is needed.
Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
In a formulation this ingredient serves several useful roles:
- Cleansing: Its surfactant nature loosens dirt, oil and makeup so they rinse away easily, giving skin and hair a fresh feel without strong stripping
- Foam Boosting: It supports a rich stable lather that users associate with a thorough clean, enhancing the sensory experience of washes and shampoos
- Hydrotrope: It helps keep other ingredients dissolved in water based formulas, preventing separation and allowing products to stay clear and easy to pour
Who Can Use Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate
This gentle cleanser suits most skin types, including oily, combination, normal and even many sensitive complexions thanks to its milder action compared with traditional sulfates. Very dry or eczema-prone skin might still find any surfactant a bit dehydrating, so those users may prefer formulas where it is paired with extra moisturizers.
The ingredient is synthetically produced without animal by-products, so it is generally acceptable for vegans and vegetarians. Always check the full ingredient list of the finished product in case other components come from animal sources.
No evidence suggests that topical use poses a risk to women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Absorption through intact skin is minimal, yet this is not medical advice and anyone who is pregnant or nursing should review any skincare product with a healthcare provider to stay on the safe side.
Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate does not increase photosensitivity, so it will not make skin more prone to sunburn. Standard daily sun protection is still recommended as part of a healthy routine.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Reactions to topically applied Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate vary from person to person. The points below list potential side effects, though they are not common when the ingredient is used correctly in well-formulated products.
- Mild stinging or redness, especially on very sensitive or compromised skin
- Transient eye irritation if the product accidentally gets into the eyes
- Dryness or tightness after rinsing, more noticeable on already dry skin
- Rare cases of allergic contact dermatitis resulting in itching or rash
- Scalp flaking or dryness when used in shampoos for individuals prone to irritation
If any of these effects occur discontinue use and seek advice from a medical professional.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 0
Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate is a highly water-soluble surfactant that rinses clean without leaving a film, so it has virtually no tendency to clog pores or trap sebum. Its molecular structure favors quick dispersion in water rather than lingering on skin, which is why it earns a zero on the comedogenic scale.
That makes it generally suitable for people prone to acne or breakouts.
Because the ingredient often appears in low-rinse or leave-on micellar waters, the overall formula should still be considered when assessing breakout potential, but the surfactant itself is not a culprit.
Summary
Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate acts mainly as a cleanser, foam booster and hydrotrope. Its oil-loving tail grabs onto makeup, excess sebum and grime while the water-loving head pulls those impurities into the rinse water, leaving skin or hair fresh. By stabilizing bubbles it helps create a satisfying lather, and as a hydrotrope it keeps other ingredients evenly dissolved so products stay clear and homogenous.
The ingredient enjoys steady popularity in face washes, body cleansers and gentle shampoos because it offers a milder alternative to sulfates without sacrificing foam. It may not be a headline star but formulators appreciate its reliable performance.
Current research and decades of use indicate it is safe for topical application with low irritation risk for most users. Still, skin can be unpredictable so it is smart to patch test any new product that lists Disodium Nonoxynol-10 Sulfosuccinate before making it a regular part of your routine.