What Is Lactate Dehydrogenase?
Lactate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that occurs naturally in almost every living cell, where it helps convert sugar into usable energy. For cosmetic use, it is usually obtained from biotech fermentation of safe, non-pathogenic microorganisms that are carefully cultured in controlled tanks. After the cells produce the enzyme, the mixture is filtered and purified to leave behind a stable, high-grade powder or liquid concentrate suitable for skin care formulas.
The idea of using lactate dehydrogenase on skin grew out of broader research into enzymes as gentle, biologically active ingredients. Over time, formulators noticed that certain enzymes could condition and refresh the skin surface without the harshness of acids or scrubs. As manufacturing methods improved in the late twentieth century, brands began adding purified lactate dehydrogenase to moisturizers, sheet masks, leave-on serums and anti-aging products where a mild skin-smoothing effect was needed.
Lactate Dehydrogenase’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
In skin care formulas lactate dehydrogenase serves one main purpose.
Skin conditioning: The enzyme supports the skin’s natural renewal process which helps maintain a soft, smooth feel. By keeping the surface fresh and hydrated it can improve overall texture and boost the effectiveness of other moisturizing ingredients in the product.
Who Can Use Lactate Dehydrogenase
Because lactate dehydrogenase mainly acts as a gentle skin-conditioning enzyme it is generally suitable for all skin types including dry, oily, combination and sensitive complexions. People with very reactive or allergy-prone skin can usually tolerate it since it has no gritty particles or strong acids that might trigger stinging or redness.
The enzyme used in cosmetics is produced through fermentation of cultured microorganisms so it contains no animal-derived material. That makes it appropriate for both vegans and vegetarians.
No specific warnings link lactate dehydrogenase to pregnancy or breastfeeding concerns. Still, this is not medical advice and anyone who is pregnant or nursing should confirm with a healthcare professional before starting a new product.
The ingredient is not known to cause photosensitivity, so it will not make skin more vulnerable to sunburn. As with any skincare formula, daily sunscreen is still recommended for overall protection.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Responses to topical lactate dehydrogenase can vary from person to person. The following is a list of potential side effects that could occur even though most users will not experience them when the ingredient has been properly formulated and applied.
- Mild redness or warmth on very sensitive skin during the first few uses
- Itching or tingling if the product contains other actives that interact poorly with an individual’s skin barrier
- Localized irritation in areas where the skin is broken or compromised
- Allergic contact dermatitis in the rare event of an individual allergy to the enzyme or other formula components
If redness, discomfort or any unexpected reaction develops stop using the product and seek guidance from a qualified healthcare professional or dermatologist.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 0 (non-comedogenic)
Lactate dehydrogenase is a water-soluble enzyme that does not leave oily residues or heavy waxes on the skin surface, which means it will not block pores. Formulas usually include it at very low concentrations, further lowering any clogging risk.
Suitable for acne-prone or breakout-prone skin.
Because the enzyme is typically paired with light, hydrating bases, the overall product profile also stays friendly to congested skin types.
Summary
Lactate dehydrogenase is added to skincare mainly for gentle skin conditioning. It supports the skin’s natural renewal cycle, helping keep the surface smooth and comfortably hydrated. By refining texture it can also boost the feel and performance of other moisturizers in the same formula.
This enzyme is still a niche ingredient compared with big-name actives like vitamin C or retinol, yet brands looking for mild, biotech-sourced options are starting to feature it more often in serums, masks and creams.
Overall safety is high, with little evidence of irritation or pore clogging when used at customary levels. As with any new product, patch testing on a small area of skin is a smart step before full-face use.