What Is Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate?
Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate is made by joining six glycerin units to form polyglycerin-6, then attaching caprylic acid (a fatty acid from coconut or palm oil) to some of those units. The result is a mix of monoesters and diesters, meaning one or two caprylic acid pieces are linked to the glycerin chain. This blend acts a bit like both oil and water, so it can sit comfortably in many formulas.
Glycerin itself has been used in skin care since the 1800s, and caprylic acid has long been prized for its gentle feel. In the early 2000s chemists began combining the two to make new plant-based emulsifiers that could replace harsher synthetic options. Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate gained popularity as brands shifted toward cleaner ingredient lists because it is biodegradable and often sourced from renewable crops.
The ingredient is produced through a simple process called esterification. First plant-derived glycerin is heated to link six molecules together. Then caprylic acid is added under controlled heat and pressure so it bonds to the glycerin chain. The final material is purified, cooled and checked for quality before shipping to cosmetic labs.
You will find Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate in many leave-on and rinse-off products such as facial cleansers, micellar waters, lightweight lotions, hydrating serums, sheet masks, sunscreens and even some makeup removers. Its gentle nature means it works well in formulas aimed at sensitive or acne-prone skin.
Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
This multitasking ingredient brings several perks to a skin care formula:
- Skin conditioning: Helps keep skin soft and smooth by supporting its natural moisture barrier, leaving a comfortable finish without greasiness
- Emollient: Fills in tiny gaps on the skin’s surface which improves texture and gives a silky touch
- Cleansing: Lifts away dirt oil and makeup while staying mild so it cleans without stripping the skin
Who Can Use Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate
This ingredient is gentle enough for most skin types. Oily and combination skin benefit from its light emollient feel that will not add excess grease while dry or mature skin appreciates the extra softness it provides. Sensitive skin generally tolerates it well thanks to its low irritation potential. There are no specific skin types that need to avoid it unless an individual has a known allergy to coconut or palm derivatives, which are the usual plant sources of its fatty acid portion.
Because both the glycerin and caprylic acid components are derived from plants, Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate is considered suitable for vegans and vegetarians. Always confirm with the finished product’s manufacturer that no animal based processing aids were used.
The ingredient has no documented issues for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, and systemic absorption through intact skin is minimal. This is not medical advice so anyone expecting or nursing should review any skin care formula with a qualified healthcare provider to be sure it fits their personal situation.
Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate does not cause photosensitivity, meaning it will not make skin more prone to sunburn. It is stable across a wide pH range and plays well with most common actives making it a versatile option for both day and night products.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Reactions to topical Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate differ from one person to another. The points below list potential side effects though most users will not encounter them when the ingredient is properly formulated and used as directed.
- Mild skin irritation such as temporary redness or itching
- Contact dermatitis in individuals allergic to coconut or palm derived fatty acids
- Stinging sensation if applied to broken or compromised skin
- Rare acne flare in extremely blemish prone skin
If any uncomfortable reaction occurs stop using the product and consult a medical professional if symptoms persist.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 1/5
Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate is highly water dispersible and has a light non-occlusive feel so it is unlikely to clog pores. Its glycerin backbone attracts water while the short caprylic chains are easily rinsed away limiting residue build-up. Because it is mostly used at low concentrations its pore-blocking potential stays minimal. For these reasons it earns a low score of 1.
Most people prone to acne or breakouts can use this ingredient without issue though individual reactions always vary. Formula context also matters; pairing it with heavy waxes or oils could raise an overall product’s comedogenicity even if this single component is low.
Summary
Polyglyceryl-6 Sesquicaprylate acts as a skin conditioner emollient and mild cleanser. Its polyglycerin chain pulls in water to keep skin hydrated while the attached caprylic acid slips into rough spots on the surface smoothing texture. The oil-loving end grabs dirt makeup and excess sebum letting them rinse away easily.
The ingredient has gained quiet but steady popularity in modern formulas thanks to the clean beauty push and its plant sourced biodegradable profile. You will spot it more often in lightweight lotions micellar waters and sensitive skin cleansers as brands look for gentle alternatives to traditional surfactants.
Overall safety is high with very low irritation and allergy reports. As with any new cosmetic a quick patch test is wise to confirm personal tolerance before full-face use.