What Is Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3?
Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3 is a synthetic conditioning agent made by linking trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chloride with polyethylene glycol 45 and setting the network with a small amount of methylene bis-acrylamide. The result is a high-molecular-weight quaternary ammonium polymer that carries a positive charge. That charge helps it cling to skin and hair surfaces, which is why chemists were first attracted to it in the 1990s when looking for gentler alternatives to traditional cationic surfactants. Production begins with water-based free-radical polymerization of the two main monomers. A crosslinker then ties the chains together so the final material forms a flexible yet stable matrix once dried. After purification and testing, the polymer arrives at cosmetic labs as a clear or slightly hazy liquid concentrate.
Thanks to its ability to stabilize water-based formulas and improve texture, Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3 is found in face masks, leave-on conditioners, lightweight moisturizers, shaving gels, anti-aging serums, styling creams and even some wash-off cleansers.
Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
In everyday beauty products this ingredient is prized for one main reason.
Viscosity controlling: Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3 thickens watery mixtures without making them feel sticky. By forming a soft lattice in the formula it keeps oils and actives evenly suspended so the product stays uniform from the first pump to the last. The polymer also gives creams and gels a silky glide which helps them spread easily and form an even film on skin or hair.
Who Can Use Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3
Because Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3 is a lightweight film former that does not clog pores or leave a greasy residue it suits most skin types including oily, combination, normal and dry skin. Its low irritation profile also makes it a practical option for people with sensitive or reactive skin.
The polymer is produced entirely from petrochemical and synthetic raw materials so it contains no animal derived substances, which makes it acceptable for both vegans and vegetarians.
No data suggests the ingredient poses a risk to women who are pregnant or breastfeeding when used topically at the levels found in cosmetics. That said this is not medical advice and anyone who is pregnant or nursing should discuss any new skincare product with a qualified health professional to be on the safe side.
Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3 is not known to increase photosensitivity so it can be used day or night. As with any conditioner like polymer long term overuse in hair care may lead to slight buildup that could require a clarifying shampoo.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Reactions to topical Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3 vary from person to person. The effects listed below are only potential outcomes and are unlikely for the average user when the ingredient is formulated correctly.
- Mild skin irritation such as transient redness or tingling
- Rare allergic contact dermatitis in individuals sensitized to quaternary ammonium compounds
- Eye irritation if the product accidentally gets into the eyes
- Hair dullness or heaviness from polymer buildup after frequent use without periodic clarification
If you notice any persistent or worsening discomfort stop using the product and consult a healthcare professional or dermatologist.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 0-1 out of 5. Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3 is a large water-soluble polymer that stays on the surface and rinses away easily so it seldom mixes with sebum or lodges in pores. It is used at low levels, forms a breathable film and brings almost no occlusive feel, which keeps the chance of clogged pores minimal.
This makes the ingredient generally suitable for people prone to acne or frequent breakouts.
Only thick leave-on formulas packed with multiple film formers could potentially contribute to buildup if cleansing habits are lax, though any congestion in that case would be linked to the overall product, not Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3 alone.
Summary
Polyquaternium Crosspolymer-3 works mainly as a viscosity controller that thickens, stabilises and gives a silky glide by building a flexible lattice inside the formula. Its cationic nature lets it lightly bond to skin and hair, improving softness and spreadability without heaviness.
The polymer enjoys moderate popularity: common enough to show up in newer gels, serums and leave-in conditioners yet still overshadowed by long-standing thickeners like carbomer and xanthan gum in many mass products.
Safety reviews rate it as low risk for irritation or sensitisation when used at typical cosmetic concentrations. Even so, patch testing a finished product before full use is a smart way to confirm personal compatibility.