What Is Quaternium-93?
Quaternium-93 is a quaternary ammonium compound created by combining a coconut- or palm-derived fatty acid with small nitrogen-containing molecules, then finishing the process with a chloride ion to give it a permanent positive charge. This positive charge makes the ingredient naturally attracted to the negatively charged surface of hair. Quats have been used in hair care since the 1950s for their softening power, and Quaternium-93 is one of the newer members of this family, designed to be more lightweight and less build-up-prone than earlier versions. Manufacturers typically produce it by first forming an amide from lauric acid and aminopropyl groups, then quaternizing the amine with methyl chloride in water so the final material is already in a ready-to-use aqueous solution. Because it clings to hair without heavy waxes or oils, you will most often see Quaternium-93 in rinse-out and leave-in conditioners, deep-conditioning masks, co-wash formulas, smoothing serums, anti-frizz sprays and two-in-one shampoo-conditioner products.
Quaternium-93’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
As a hair conditioning agent Quaternium-93 coats the cuticle in a thin, invisible layer that reduces static, smooths rough strands, improves slip for easier detangling and combing, and leaves hair feeling softer with a healthy shine. Because it stays behind after rinsing, it also helps hair resist humidity-driven frizz and can make styling products work more evenly.
Who Can Use Quaternium-93
Quaternium-93 is considered suitable for most hair and scalp types. Its lightweight, non-oily nature makes it a good match for fine or oily hair while its smoothing action benefits dry, coarse or chemically treated strands. Very sensitive individuals who react to quaternary ammonium compounds or coconut-derived ingredients should proceed with caution, as they may be more prone to irritation.
The raw materials used to create Quaternium-93 are typically plant based, so finished products can be vegan and vegetarian friendly if no other animal-derived ingredients are added. Always check with the brand for confirmation since sourcing practices can differ.
Current safety data indicate that Quaternium-93 poses no known risk to women who are pregnant or breastfeeding when used in rinse-off or leave-in hair products. However this information is not medical advice and anyone who is pregnant or nursing should review all personal care products with their healthcare provider to be extra safe.
Quaternium-93 is not known to cause photosensitivity, so it does not make hair or scalp more prone to sun damage. There are no special timing or sun-care precautions linked to its use.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Side effects and reactions to topical use of Quaternium-93 can vary from person to person. The points below outline potential issues, but they are uncommon for the average user when the ingredient is properly formulated and used as directed.
- Mild scalp irritation such as itching or redness
- Contact dermatitis in individuals allergic to quaternary ammonium compounds or coconut derivatives
- Eye irritation if the product accidentally runs into the eyes
- Product buildup leading to limp or weighed-down hair when used excessively or without regular cleansing
If you experience any of these effects stop using the product and consult a healthcare professional or dermatologist for guidance.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 0–1 (very low)
Quaternium-93 is a large, water-soluble molecule that stays mostly on the hair shaft rather than penetrating skin pores, so it has little to no tendency to clog follicles. Because it rinses off easily and does not leave a greasy residue, it is unlikely to provoke acne or breakouts for most users. People who are acne prone can generally use products containing Quaternium-93 without added worry, though heavy styling products that combine it with oils or waxes could raise the overall clogging potential.
Summary
Quaternium-93 is a hair conditioning agent that smooths the cuticle, cuts static, boosts slip for easy detangling and leaves strands softer with a light shine. It does this by carrying a permanent positive charge that attracts it to the negatively charged hair surface, forming a thin, even coating that stays behind after rinsing.
While not the most famous ingredient on shelves, Quaternium-93 is gaining traction in modern conditioners, co-washes and anti-frizz sprays because it offers the softness of traditional quats without as much buildup.
Current data show it to be very safe in both rinse-off and leave-in formulas, with irritation or allergy only in rare cases. As with any new cosmetic, give a quick patch test when trying a product that contains Quaternium-93 so you can be sure it agrees with your skin and scalp.