What Is Sodium Decylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate?
Sodium Decylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate is a plant-derived surfactant created from renewable raw materials such as corn glucose and decyl alcohol sourced from coconut or palm. Chemically, it is the sodium salt of a sulfonated ester formed when hydroxypropyl groups are added to decyl glucosides, then neutralized with sodium. The extra hydroxypropyl link yields a molecule that is milder on skin and more soluble in water than older sulfate-based cleansers.
The parent compound, decyl glucoside, first entered cosmetics in the early 1990s as brands searched for gentle, biodegradable alternatives to sodium lauryl sulfate. Chemists later modified it with hydroxypropyl and sulfonate groups to improve foam quality and compatibility with hard water. This upgraded version gained popularity in the 2010s when sulfate-free shampoos and body washes became mainstream.
Production begins with enzymatic or acid-catalyzed bonding of glucose to decyl alcohol, followed by controlled reaction with propylene oxide to add hydroxypropyl groups. The mixture is then treated with sodium bisulfite to create the sulfonate ester, purified, and spray-dried into a free-flowing powder or concentrated solution.
Thanks to its gentle cleansing power and ability to boost foam, Sodium Decylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate appears in sulfate-free shampoos, facial cleansers, micellar waters, baby washes, shower gels, hand soaps, bubble baths, and even some makeup removers. Formulators also use it in cream cleansers and exfoliating scrubs where a mild lather is desired without stripping the skin.
Sodium Decylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
This multitasking surfactant supports both performance and sensory aspects of personal care formulas.
- Cleansing – Lifts away dirt, oil and product buildup while remaining gentle enough for sensitive skin
- Emulsifying – Helps oil and water mix evenly so products stay smooth and stable during shelf life
- Foam Boosting – Enhances the richness and longevity of foam, giving shampoos and washes a satisfying lather even in hard water
- Hydrotrope – Improves the solubility of other ingredients, allowing higher concentrations of fragrances or oils without cloudiness
Who Can Use Sodium Decylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate
Because it is a mild, sulfate-free surfactant, Sodium Decylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate is generally suitable for all skin types including sensitive, dry, oily and combination. Its gentle cleansing action means it is far less likely to strip natural oils or disrupt the skin barrier. Extremely dry or compromised skin might still prefer shorter contact time or follow with a moisturizer, as even the mildest cleanser can cause tightness if overused.
The ingredient is sourced from plant materials such as corn sugar and coconut or palm-derived alcohol, with no animal by-products or processing aids. This makes it appropriate for vegans and vegetarians, provided the finished product has not been tested on animals.
No research indicates any specific risk for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding when the ingredient is used as intended in rinse-off products. That said, this is not medical advice and anyone who is expecting or nursing should have a doctor review any personal care product they plan to use, just to be safe.
Sodium Decylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate does not increase photosensitivity, so it will not make skin more prone to sunburn. It is also considered color-safe for dyed hair and is biodegradable, an advantage for those looking to reduce environmental impact.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Reactions to the topical use of Sodium Decylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate can vary from person to person. The points below list potential side effects that could occur, but they are unlikely for most users when the ingredient is formulated and used correctly.
- Mild skin dryness – prolonged or very frequent washing may remove too much surface oil
- Temporary tight or squeaky feeling – may occur on very dry or mature skin after cleansing
- Eye irritation – stinging or watering can happen if the cleanser gets into the eyes, especially at higher concentrations
- Allergic contact dermatitis – rare redness, itching or rash in individuals with specific sensitivities to glucoside surfactants
- Scalp irritation – occasional itch or flaking when used in shampoos on compromised or very sensitive scalps
If any irritation or other adverse effect develops, stop using the product and consult a healthcare professional.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 1 / 5
Sodium Decylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate is highly water soluble and rinses off cleanly, so it does not linger on skin or form a film that could block pores. It lacks fatty acids or heavy oils that typically drive comedogenicity, earning it a very low score. A small chance of pore clogging can never be fully ruled out in complex formulas, which is why it is marked 1 rather than 0.
Because of this low rating the ingredient is generally considered suitable for acne-prone or breakout-prone skin.
Formulas that pair it with rich oils, butters or silicones could still feel heavy on some users, so the overall product composition matters more than this single surfactant.
Summary
Sodium Decylglucosides Hydroxypropylsulfonate cleanses by surrounding dirt and oil with its gentle surfactant head, lifts them into water and rinses them away. Its balanced molecular structure also helps oil and water stay blended, which stabilizes emulsions, boosts foam for a creamier lather and acts as a hydrotrope that keeps fragrance or actives dissolved without cloudiness.
The ingredient has gained steady popularity in sulfate-free shampoos and facial cleansers, though it remains less common than classic sulfates or coco-betaine because it costs more and requires careful formulation for maximum foam.
Overall safety data show it is mild, biodegradable and suitable for most skin types when used in rinse-off products. As with any new cosmetic it is wise to patch test a product containing this surfactant before full use, especially if you have sensitive or reactive skin.