What Is Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate?
Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate is the sodium salt of the fatty acid derivative formed when palm oil–sourced palmitic acid is linked to the amino acid glutamic acid. The result is a mild, skin friendly surfactant often described by chemists as a “glutamate surfactant.” First explored in Japan in the 1970s as a gentler alternative to traditional soaps, it quickly gained popularity across Asia then Europe for its ability to cleanse without stripping the skin. Production begins with sustainably harvested palm oil that is split to isolate palmitic acid. This fatty acid is reacted with fermented plant-derived glutamic acid to create N-palmitoyl-L-glutamic acid, which is then neutralized with sodium hydroxide to form the water-soluble salt used in cosmetics.
You will typically spot Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate in facial cleansers, foaming face washes, body washes, shampoo bars, baby washes, micellar waters and even some sulfate-free toothpaste formulas. Because of its gentle nature it is also blended into makeup removers, shower gels for sensitive skin and low-pH bar cleansers.
Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
Formulators turn to Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate for a single but important reason
As a cleansing agent it lifts away dirt, oil and daily grime while producing a soft creamy lather that rinses clean. Unlike harsher sulfates it supports the skin’s natural moisture barrier helping products feel mild and non-drying, which is especially valuable for sensitive or dry skin types.
Who Can Use Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate
This mild surfactant is generally suitable for all skin types including dry, sensitive, oily and combination because it cleanses without stripping natural moisture. There are no known skin types that should actively avoid it unless an individual has a specific allergy to palm-derived ingredients.
Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate is produced from plant sources (palm oil and fermented sugar-derived glutamic acid) and contains no animal by-products, making it acceptable for vegans and vegetarians. When purchasing, those who avoid palm oil for sustainability reasons may want to look for brands that state they use RSPO-certified or sustainably sourced palm oil.
The ingredient has a long history of safe use in rinse-off products so it is generally considered fine for pregnant or breastfeeding women. This is not medical advice and anyone who is pregnant or nursing should check with their healthcare provider before introducing new skincare products.
It does not cause photosensitivity so there is no additional need for sun protection beyond the usual daily SPF recommendation.
No other notable usage restrictions are associated with Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Reactions to topical Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate differ from person to person. The side effects listed below are only potential outcomes and are unlikely for most users when the ingredient is formulated and used correctly.
- Transient stinging if the cleanser is left on the skin for an extended period
- Mild eye irritation if the product accidentally gets into the eyes
- Redness or itching in individuals allergic to palm derivatives or glutamate surfactants
- Dryness when combined with overly hot water or very frequent cleansing
If any of these reactions occur discontinue use and seek advice from a medical professional.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 1 (very low likelihood of clogging pores)
Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate is a highly water-soluble surfactant that does not leave an oily film behind after rinsing. Its molecular structure is designed to lift away sebum rather than sit on the skin so it has minimal opportunity to block pores. Studies and formulator feedback consistently place glutamate-based surfactants at or near the bottom of comedogenicity scales.
Because of this low rating the ingredient is generally considered suitable for people who are prone to acne or breakouts.
Comedogenicity can be influenced by the overall formula and how thoroughly it is rinsed away so very rich creams containing Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate could behave differently from light cleansers, although such thick leave-ons are uncommon with this surfactant.
Summary
Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate is a plant-derived surfactant whose main job is to cleanse by surrounding dirt and oil, suspending them in water and allowing them to be rinsed away without stripping skin lipids. Its mild pH, amino acid backbone and palm-based fatty chain help it create a soft creamy lather that feels gentle and supports the skin barrier.
The ingredient is a staple in many sulfate-free face washes, baby cleansers and shampoo bars, yet it has not reached household-name status, partly because it hides in the ingredient list rather than headlines marketing claims. Still, formulators appreciate its balance of mildness and performance so its popularity has been steadily rising as consumers look for gentler cleansing options.
With decades of use and a solid safety record Sodium Palmoyl Glutamate is regarded as safe for most people, including sensitive skin. As with any new skincare product it is wise to patch test first to ensure personal compatibility.