What Is C12-13 Alkyl Lactate?
C12-13 Alkyl Lactate is an ester created when lactic acid, the same gentle acid produced during the fermentation of sugars, reacts with medium-chain fatty alcohols that contain 12 to 13 carbon atoms. These fatty alcohols usually come from renewable plant oils such as coconut or palm kernel, giving the ingredient a partly natural origin. Chemically identified as propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, C12-13-alkyl esters, it appears as a clear to pale liquid that blends easily with other oily ingredients.
Esters have been prized in skincare for decades because they soften the skin without leaving a greasy film. C12-13 Alkyl Lactate gained popularity in the late 1990s when formulators wanted lighter, faster-absorbing alternatives to heavier oils. Its balanced chain length delivers a silky feel that suits modern, weightless textures.
Manufacturing involves an esterification step where purified lactic acid is heated with the chosen fatty alcohols in the presence of a catalyst. Water produced during the reaction is removed to drive the process forward, then the mixture is filtered and deodorized, resulting in a stable, cosmetic-grade emollient.
You are most likely to find C12-13 Alkyl Lactate in everyday moisturizers, face and body lotions, sunscreens, lightweight creams, masks, anti-aging serums, primers and after-sun gels. Its gentle profile also makes it popular in baby lotions and sensitive-skin formulas.
C12-13 Alkyl Lactate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
This multitasking ester offers two main advantages that make it a favorite among formulators
- Skin conditioning – helps keep the skin feeling soft and smooth, supports a healthy moisture barrier and leaves a pleasant, conditioned finish after application
- Emollient – adds slip so products spread effortlessly, reduces the tight feel that can follow cleansing and provides a light, non-greasy layer that helps limit water loss
Who Can Use C12-13 Alkyl Lactate
C12-13 Alkyl Lactate is generally suitable for all skin types, including dry, normal, combination and oily. Its light, fast-absorbing texture delivers moisture without heaviness, so even breakout-prone or oily complexions tend to tolerate it well. Sensitive skin also fares well because the ingredient is non-acidic and has a low irritation profile.
The fatty alcohols used to make C12-13 Alkyl Lactate come from plant oils, not animal sources, so products formulated with it are typically appropriate for vegans and vegetarians. Always confirm that the finished product and other raw materials are certified cruelty-free if this is important to you.
Current safety data show no specific concerns for pregnant or breastfeeding women. That said this is not medical advice and anyone who is expecting or nursing should review any skincare routine with a qualified healthcare professional.
C12-13 Alkyl Lactate does not increase photosensitivity and can be used day or night. It also plays well with most other cosmetic ingredients, making it an easy addition to layered routines.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Reactions to topical C12-13 Alkyl Lactate vary from person to person. The effects below are possible yet uncommon when the ingredient is used at typical cosmetic levels and produced under good manufacturing practices.
- Mild redness or warmth
- Temporary stinging on very compromised or freshly exfoliated skin
- Contact dermatitis in individuals allergic to lactic acid derivatives or specific fatty alcohols
- Eye irritation if the product accidentally gets into the eyes
If you experience any discomfort stop using the product and consult a healthcare professional for guidance.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 1/5
C12-13 Alkyl Lactate is a lightweight ester that spreads thinly and absorbs fast so it does not linger on the surface to clog pores. Its molecular structure is less sticky than long chain oils yet still emollient enough to reduce moisture loss, placing it at the low end of the comedogenic scale. In most formulas it is used at modest levels, further lowering any pore-blocking risk.
This rating means the ingredient is generally suitable for acne-prone or breakout-prone skin, though overall formula design still matters.
Keep in mind that everyone’s skin is different; a product’s full ingredient list plus individual skin condition will ultimately decide whether breakouts occur.
Summary
C12-13 Alkyl Lactate functions mainly as a skin conditioning agent and a light emollient. By joining lactic acid with medium chain fatty alcohols it creates a silky liquid that fills in surface gaps, smooths rough patches and forms a breathable layer that slows water loss without feeling greasy.
Its pleasant slip and quick absorption have kept it popular in modern moisturizers, sunscreens, serums and baby care where a weightless skin feel is prized. While not the most famous name on an ingredient list, formulators appreciate its reliable performance and plant-derived origin.
Current research and widespread cosmetic use show it to be very safe with a low irritation profile. As with any new product a simple patch test is wise so you can make sure it agrees with your unique skin.