C12-14 Alketh-12: What Is It, Cosmetic Uses, Benefits & Side Effects

Curious about this ingredient? In this article we're explaining exactly what it is and why it's used within cosmetic formulations.
Updated on: June 24, 2025
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All information on this page is verified using publicly available nomenclature standards and reference materials from The Personal Care Products Council (PCPC) and the European Commission's CosIng database. Our analyses are based on technical data from these sources to ensure accuracy and reliability.

What Is C12-14 Alketh-12?

C12-14 Alketh-12 is a synthetic ingredient made by attaching roughly 12 units of ethylene oxide to a blend of fatty alcohols that contain 12 to 14 carbon atoms. These alcohols can come from either petroleum fractions or plant oils such as coconut or palm. Chemists began experimenting with this kind of alcohol-ether chemistry in the mid-20th century while looking for better ways to keep water and oil mixed in skin care and hair care formulas. Over time the material proved reliable, mild and easy to use, so it was adopted by manufacturers and eventually gained its current cosmetic name through international naming guidelines.

The production process starts with purifying the fatty alcohols, reacting them with ethylene oxide under controlled pressure and temperature, then neutralizing and filtering the final liquid. Adjusting the number of ethylene oxide units controls how water-loving the molecule is; in this case the average is 12, giving a good balance of water and oil compatibility.

Because of this balance C12-14 Alketh-12 is found in a wide range of products such as facial cleansers, exfoliating scrubs, sheet masks, rinse-off hair conditioners, spray leave-ins, body lotions, make-up removers and lightweight moisturizers. Formulators often choose it when they need a clear or low-viscosity product that stays blended from the factory shelf to the bathroom counter.

C12-14 Alketh-12’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses

This ingredient serves a single, important role in personal care formulas: it acts as an emulsifying agent. By lowering the surface tension between water and oil, it keeps lotions smooth, prevents serums from separating and helps cleansers rinse away evenly. The result is a stable product with a pleasant feel that delivers active ingredients consistently every time you apply it.

Who Can Use C12-14 Alketh-12

C12-14 Alketh-12 is generally considered suitable for all skin types, including dry, normal, combination and oily skin. Its mild emulsifying action tends to be well tolerated, although people with extremely sensitive or compromised skin might notice occasional stinging or redness if a formula contains a high concentration of this or other surfactants.

The ingredient is typically vegan and vegetarian friendly because it is synthesized from either petroleum fractions or plant oils like coconut or palm, not from animal sources. Those who follow a strict vegan lifestyle may still wish to verify the plant or petroleum origin with the manufacturer if this detail is important to them.

Current safety data do not flag any special concerns for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Still, this is not medical advice and anyone who is expecting or nursing should review every skincare product with their physician before use to be safe.

C12-14 Alketh-12 is not known to cause photosensitivity, so it will not make skin more prone to sunburn. It is also fragrance free and nonvolatile, meaning it will not irritate the respiratory system during normal topical use.

Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

Reactions to topical C12-14 Alketh-12 vary from person to person. The effects listed below are possible yet uncommon when the ingredient is used correctly in a well-formulated product.

  • Mild skin irritation such as temporary redness or itching, especially on very sensitive skin
  • Eye irritation if the product accidentally gets into the eyes
  • Allergic contact dermatitis in rare cases for individuals sensitive to ethoxylated surfactants
  • Enhanced absorption of other ingredients, which could intensify their own irritant potential

If any of these effects occur, stop using the product and seek advice from a healthcare professional.

Comedogenic Rating

Rating: 1/5. C12-14 Alketh-12 is highly water soluble and rinses off cleanly, so it is unlikely to clog pores. Its molecular size and structure let it sit on the skin surface only briefly before being washed away or absorbed into the water phase of a formula. The low rating makes it generally acceptable for acne-prone or breakout-prone skin, provided the rest of the product is also non-comedogenic. No widespread reports link it to blackheads or whiteheads, though very oily skin that reacts to most emulsifiers should still watch for congestion.

Summary

C12-14 Alketh-12 acts mainly as an emulsifier, keeping water and oil blended so lotions stay smooth and cleansers rinse evenly. It performs this job by positioning its fatty alcohol end in the oil phase while the polyethylene glycol portion stays in water, lowering surface tension and stabilizing the mixture.

The ingredient is a workhorse in modern formulations but not a headline star; you will find it tucked into mid-market cleansers, lightweight creams and hair conditioners where dependable performance matters more than marketing appeal.

Current safety data rate it as low risk with only occasional mild irritation in very sensitive users. Overall it is considered safe for daily use in the concentrations seen in cosmetics. As with any new product, perform a quick patch test first to confirm your skin agrees with the full formula.

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