What Is C12-14 Sec-Alketh-12?
C12-14 Sec-Alketh-12 is a synthetic ingredient made by attaching about 12 units of ethylene oxide to a blend of secondary fatty alcohols that have 12 to 14 carbon atoms. These alcohols usually come from petroleum derivatives or coconut and palm oils that are processed in a lab to create a stable raw material. The result is a clear to slightly hazy liquid that is water loving at one end and oil loving at the other, which is why it works so well in skin and hair formulas.
The use of fatty alcohol ethers in cosmetics took off in the 1970s when chemists searched for milder alternatives to soap based emulsifiers. Over time, different chain lengths and numbers of ethylene oxide units were tested. The version with 12 ethylene oxide units hit the sweet spot for stability and skin feel, so it became a staple in modern formulations.
Production involves two main steps. First, the fatty alcohols are converted into secondary alcohols, which have the hydroxyl group attached to the middle of the carbon chain. Second, these alcohols react with ethylene oxide in a controlled setting to build the polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain. Careful purification removes unwanted by-products, leaving a high purity emulsifier that meets cosmetic grade standards.
You will usually find C12-14 Sec-Alketh-12 in lotions, creams, facial masks, cleansing balms, makeup removers, hair conditioners, sunscreens and anti aging serums. Because it helps keep oil and water mixed, it is valued in both leave on and rinse off products.
C12-14 Sec-Alketh-12’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
Formulators pick this ingredient for its reliable performance and gentle feel on skin and hair.
- Emulsion stabilising: Keeps oil and water from separating during shelf life so the product stays smooth and effective from the first pump to the last
- Emulsifying: Helps blend oil and water into a fine, uniform emulsion which gives creams and lotions a light, non greasy texture and improves spreadability
Who Can Use C12-14 Sec-Alketh-12
This emulsifier is generally well tolerated by all skin types including oily, dry, combination and sensitive because it is lightweight and does not clog pores or leave a greasy residue. People with a known allergy to polyethylene glycol derivatives or with severely compromised skin barriers should approach with caution since even mild surfactants can sometimes exacerbate existing irritation.
C12-14 Sec-Alketh-12 is typically free from animal derived materials. Commercial production relies on petroleum fractions or plant oils such as coconut or palm, so formulations containing it are usually suitable for vegans and vegetarians. Those avoiding palm ingredients for sustainability reasons may want to verify the source with the manufacturer.
Current safety assessments show no specific reproductive toxicity, so products that include this ingredient are generally considered low risk for those who are pregnant or breastfeeding. That said, this is not medical advice and anyone expecting or nursing should check with a doctor before adding new skincare items to their routine.
The molecule does not absorb UV light and is not known to trigger photosensitivity, so it will not make skin more prone to sunburn. It is also fragrance free and free of essential oil allergens, making it a practical choice in formulas targeting easily irritated complexions.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Responses to topical C12-14 Sec-Alketh-12 can vary from one person to another. The points below list potential side effects that may occur in isolated cases. When used at the typical levels found in cosmetics, most users will not experience these issues.
- Mild skin irritation such as temporary redness itching or stinging
- Contact dermatitis in individuals allergic to polyethylene glycol compounds
- Eye irritation if a high concentration of a product accidentally gets into the eyes
- Dryness or tightness when used in very high percentages in rinse off cleansers
- Contaminant concerns related to trace 1,4-dioxane if purification standards are not met
If any discomfort or adverse reaction develops stop using the product and seek advice from a medical professional.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 1/5
C12-14 Sec-Alketh-12 is primarily water soluble and used at low percentages, so it does not sit on the skin in an oily film that could block pores. Its lightweight structure and quick rinse-off profile in cleansers keep the risk of comedones very low. Only in rare cases where a formula contains exceptionally high levels of this ingredient could pore congestion become a concern.
Suitable for acne-prone or breakout-prone skin in most formulations.
Because it is a PEG-based surfactant, it washes away easily which further lowers any chance of buildup that might trap sebum or dead skin cells.
Summary
C12-14 Sec-Alketh-12 works as an emulsion stabiliser and emulsifier. One end of the molecule loves oil while the other loves water, allowing it to pull the two phases together and keep them blended so creams stay smooth and lotions feel light on the skin.
It appears regularly in mainstream skincare and haircare, although it is not as famous as ingredients like glycerin or hyaluronic acid. Formulators appreciate its predictable performance and gentle skin feel which keeps it quietly popular inside many products on the shelf.
Current safety data shows a low risk of irritation or systemic toxicity when used at cosmetic levels. While the ingredient itself is considered safe, any new product can contain multiple actives so it is always smart to patch test before full application.