C12-17 Alkane: What Is It, Cosmetic Uses, Benefits & Side Effects

Curious about this ingredient? In this article we're explaining exactly what it is and why it's used within cosmetic formulations.
Updated on: June 24, 2025
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All information on this page is verified using The Personal Care Products Council's (PCPC) INCI database. Our ingredient analyses are based exclusively on PCPC's technical data to ensure accuracy and reliability.

What Is C12-17 Alkane?

C12-17 Alkane is a clear odorless liquid made up of saturated hydrocarbons that each carry between 12 and 17 carbon atoms. Most manufacturers obtain it from highly refined petroleum fractions or from plant-sourced feedstocks like sugarcane that are processed into paraffins, then carefully distilled to isolate the desired chain lengths. After distillation the material is fully hydrogenated to remove trace impurities, giving a stable ingredient with a long shelf life.

The cosmetic world first turned to C12-17 Alkane in the early 2000s when formulators began looking for lighter alternatives to traditional mineral oil and certain silicones. Its dry non-greasy glide and low smell quickly made it popular in modern skin care and makeup. Today you will find it in moisturizers, body lotions, sunscreens, facial oils, cleansing oils, lip balms, foundations, hair styling creams, serums and even sheet mask essences where it helps deliver a smooth elegant finish.

C12-17 Alkane’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses

C12-17 Alkane appears on ingredient lists mainly for one key job

As an emollient it softens and smooths the skin surface, helping rough or flaky areas feel supple. Its lightweight nature means it spreads easily and leaves a silky finish without a heavy oily film. The ingredient also helps reduce moisture loss by forming a breathable protective layer so skin stays comfortable longer while giving formulas a pleasant slip that makes them easier to apply evenly.

Who Can Use C12-17 Alkane

Because it is lightweight and non occlusive, C12-17 Alkane suits most skin types including oily, combination, normal and dry. Even sensitive skin typically tolerates it well since the ingredient is chemically inert and fragrance free. Extremely acne-prone users who react to any occlusive film may still prefer to monitor how their skin responds, but in general the risk of pore clogging is low.

Formulations can be vegan friendly when the alkane comes from plant feedstocks like sugarcane rather than petroleum. If a vegan or vegetarian lifestyle is important to you check the brand’s sourcing statement to confirm a bio-based origin.

C12-17 Alkane has no known hormonal activity and is not absorbed in a meaningful amount, so it is considered safe for pregnant or breastfeeding women. This is not medical advice and anyone who is expecting or nursing should review their full routine with a qualified health professional just to be sure.

The ingredient does not make skin more sensitive to sunlight and has no known interactions with common actives such as retinoids, vitamin C or exfoliating acids.

Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

Individual responses can differ and the effects listed below are possible yet unlikely when the ingredient is used at standard cosmetic levels.

  • Mild irritation Rare stinging or redness in very sensitive skin, usually temporary
  • Contact dermatitis Extremely uncommon allergic reaction resulting in itching or rash
  • Breakouts Occasional clogged pores in users who are highly acne prone or using a formula that combines the alkane with heavier oils

If you notice persistent discomfort or any worsening of symptoms stop using the product and consult a healthcare provider.

Comedogenic Rating

Rating: 1 out of 5. The molecules in C12-17 Alkane are relatively large and sit on top of the skin without penetrating deeply, so they are unlikely to block pores. They evaporate or can be wiped away easily which further limits buildup. This low rating means the ingredient is generally suitable for people prone to acne or breakouts, though individual reactions can still vary. Most clinical and anecdotal reports show minimal risk of blackheads or whiteheads even in oily skin types.

Because it is chemically inert and free of fatty acids it also resists oxidation, a factor that can sometimes worsen congestion with other oils. Formulas that pair it with heavier butters or waxes could alter the overall clogging potential, so product context matters.

Summary

C12-17 Alkane is used mainly as an emollient that softens skin, smooths rough patches and adds a weightless slip to creams, serums, lotions and makeup. It forms a light breathable layer that slows water loss, improving comfort without a greasy feel.

The ingredient has grown popular over the last decade as brands look for alternatives to mineral oil and certain silicones. Its clean skin finish and compatibility with many actives have made it a staple in both mass and prestige lines, though it is still less talked about than classic oils like jojoba or squalane.

Overall safety data are strong. It is non sensitizing, non phototoxic and not linked to hormonal effects. Side effects are rare and usually mild. As with any new cosmetic users should do a small patch test when trying a product containing C12-17 Alkane to confirm personal tolerance.

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