What Is Octoxynol-13?
Octoxynol-13 is a man-made surfactant derived from reacting octylphenol with ethylene oxide, producing an average of 13 repeating ethoxy units. This reaction links oil-loving and water-loving parts into one molecule, which helps it mix oily ingredients with water. The ingredient first appeared in industrial cleaners in the mid-20th century, then formulators noticed its gentle cleansing ability and began adding it to personal care products.
Manufacturing starts with petrochemical-based octylphenol. Through controlled ethoxylation, ethylene oxide gas is added in a sealed reactor at high temperature and pressure. When about 13 units attach, the process stops, the mixture is purified and the finished liquid is ready for use.
You will most often spot Octoxynol-13 in facial cleansers, micellar waters, shampoos, liquid hand soaps, makeup removers, exfoliating masks and lightweight lotions where a clear, low-foam texture is desired.
Octoxynol-13’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
Formulators rely on Octoxynol-13 for two key jobs that keep products stable and skin-friendly.
- Cleansing: The surfactant loosens dirt, excess oil and makeup then allows them to rinse away with water, leaving skin or hair feeling fresh without a heavy residue
- Emulsifying: It binds oil and water phases so creams, lotions and cleansers stay smooth and uniform from the first pump to the last use
Who Can Use Octoxynol-13
Octoxynol-13 is generally suitable for normal, oily and combination skin types thanks to its mild cleansing nature that does not leave a heavy film. Dry or highly sensitive skin may find frequent use a bit stripping because surfactants can remove natural oils faster than they are replenished so choosing lower concentrations or alternating with richer formulas can help.
The ingredient is fully synthetic and contains no animal derived material which makes it appropriate for vegans and vegetarians. As always cruelty free status depends on the finished brand’s testing policies rather than the raw ingredient itself.
Current safety data shows low topical absorption and no known reproductive toxicity so products containing Octoxynol-13 are generally considered usable during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. This is not medical advice and anyone who is pregnant or nursing should review all skincare choices with a qualified healthcare professional to be certain they align with personal health needs.
Octoxynol-13 does not make skin more sensitive to sunlight so there is no extra risk of sunburn or pigmentation related to its use. It is also non volatile which means it will not contribute to inhalation issues during normal topical application.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Responses to topical Octoxynol-13 can differ from person to person. The points below outline potential issues but most people will not experience them when the ingredient is used at the low levels found in cosmetics.
- Skin irritation – redness or a stinging sensation can occur, especially on compromised or highly sensitive skin
- Dryness or tightness – its cleansing action may pull away too much natural oil if overused
- Allergic contact dermatitis – very rare but possible in individuals with an established allergy to phenolic surfactants
- Eye irritation – may cause tearing or discomfort if formulas splash into the eyes
- Enhanced penetration of other ingredients – by altering the skin barrier slightly, it could let stronger actives enter more easily which might amplify their effects
If any of these reactions develop discontinue use and seek advice from a healthcare professional or dermatologist.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 1 / 5. Octoxynol-13 is a small, water-soluble surfactant that rinses off easily so it does not sit in pores long enough to block them. It is occasionally paired with heavier oils or waxes that could contribute to congestion, but the ingredient itself has minimal clogging potential.
Suitable for acne-prone and breakout-prone skin in most rinse-off and leave-on formulas.
If you are using products that layer multiple occlusive ingredients, keep in mind overall formulation richness, not Octoxynol-13 alone, when assessing breakout risk.
Summary
Octoxynol-13 acts mainly as a cleansing and emulsifying agent. Its dual oil-loving and water-loving ends lift away dirt, oil and makeup then help the mixture rinse off cleanly, while also holding water and oil phases together so lotions stay smooth.
The ingredient is fairly common in lightweight cleansers and micellar waters but less popular in richer creams as many brands now explore plant-based alternatives. Still, it remains a dependable workhorse in numerous high street and professional formulas.
Safety reviews show low irritation potential, low absorption and no major toxicity, making it safe for routine cosmetic use. As with any new skincare product, perform a quick patch test to confirm personal compatibility.