What Is Polyglyceryl-6 Dioleate?
Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate is a plant-derived diester created by linking six glycerin molecules to two units of oleic acid, the main fatty acid found in olive oil and other natural fats. Glycerin offers multiple reactive sites, and when it is polymerized and then esterified with oleic acid the result is a gentle, oil-compatible ingredient that loves both water and oil. First developed in the late 20th century as brands searched for alternatives to petroleum-based surfactants, this emulsifier gained traction once consumers started favoring naturally sourced and biodegradable ingredients. Production begins with vegetable glycerin that is heated under controlled conditions to form hexaglycerol. This hexaglycerol is then reacted with purified oleic acid, often sourced from sustainable vegetable oils, yielding a viscous liquid that carries ECOCERT and COSMOS approvals in many regions. Thanks to its ability to keep water and oil phases blended it appears in creams, lotions, cleansing balms, facial masks, baby care products, and color cosmetics that require a smooth, stable texture.
Polyglyceryl-6 Dioleate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
In skin and hair formulas polyglyceryl-6 dioleate serves one key purpose that delivers several practical advantages to the final product.
As an emulsifying agent it binds water-based and oil-based ingredients so the formula stays uniform, preventing separation during shipping, storage, and use. This stable emulsion feels lighter, spreads more evenly, and helps active ingredients disperse consistently across the skin. Its mild nature also supports low-irritation formulations, making it valuable in products designed for sensitive or baby skin.
Who Can Use Polyglyceryl-6 Dioleate
This emulsifier is gentle enough for most skin types, including dry, normal, combination and sensitive skin. Its light feel and low clogging potential also make it a good fit for oily or breakout-prone skin, though those who react easily to fatty acids should still watch how their skin responds.
Because it is made from vegetable glycerin and plant-sourced oleic acid it is suitable for both vegans and vegetarians. No animal products or by-products are involved in its manufacture.
Current data shows no known risks for pregnant or breastfeeding women when the ingredient is used in rinse-off or leave-on cosmetics. This is not medical advice and anyone who is expecting or nursing should check with a doctor before adding new products to their routine.
Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate does not make skin more sensitive to sunlight so it is not considered photosensitising. It also plays well with other common skincare ingredients and does not reduce the effectiveness of sunscreens or active treatments.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Side effects from using polyglyceryl-6 dioleate vary from person to person. The points below list potential reactions but most users will not experience them when the ingredient is correctly formulated in a product.
- Mild redness or itching on very reactive skin
- Transient stinging if applied to broken or freshly shaved skin
- Rare cases of contact dermatitis in individuals with a plant fat allergy
- Eye irritation if a product containing the ingredient is rubbed into the eyes
If you notice any of these effects stop using the product and seek advice from a healthcare professional.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 1 / 5
Although polyglyceryl-6 dioleate contains oleic acid, the fatty acid is bound within a much larger, water-friendly structure that has minimal ability to seep into pores. Its bulky size, partial solubility in water and rapid removal during cleansing make it far less likely to trap sebum or dead skin cells than pure oils or waxes. For this reason it sits at the low end of the scale.
Most people prone to acne or breakouts can use products containing this emulsifier without added concern.
Formulas that pair it with heavier butters or occlusive oils may feel richer on the skin and could raise the overall pore-clogging potential of the finished product.
Summary
Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate is primarily an emulsifier that keeps the water and oil parts of a formula blended, improving texture, spreadability and the even delivery of active ingredients. It performs this job by using its glycerin backbone to mix with water while its oleic acid tails anchor into oils, creating a stable bridge between the two.
While not as famous as ingredients like glycerin or hyaluronic acid, it is steadily gaining popularity among brands that want plant-derived, biodegradable alternatives to traditional surfactants. You will most often see it in gentle cleansers, lightweight creams and baby care products.
Current research shows it to be low risk for irritation or sensitisation, with a very low comedogenic rating. Still, every skin is different so it is wise to patch test any new product that contains this ingredient before applying it more broadly.