Rh-Oligopeptide-33: What Is It, Cosmetic Uses, Benefits & Side Effects

Curious about this ingredient? In this article we're explaining exactly what it is and why it's used within cosmetic formulations.
Updated on: June 30, 2025
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We verify all information on this page using publicly available nomenclature standards from The Personal Care Products Council (PCPC), the European Commission's CosIng database and documentation provided directly by ingredient manufacturers. Our analysis is based on technical data from these sources to ensure accuracy and reliability.

What Is Rh-Oligopeptide-33?

Rh-Oligopeptide-33 is a lab engineered version of a small human protein that naturally helps defend the skin. Scientists start by taking the gene that codes for a beta-defensin–like protein from a human cell, insert that gene into a friendly strain of E. coli bacteria then let the bacteria ferment in stainless-steel tanks. During fermentation the bacteria act as miniature factories, building the peptide chain of up to 77 amino acids. Afterward the peptide is purified, checked for quality and finished as a cosmetic-grade ingredient.

Because the peptide mimics one of the skin’s own protective molecules it attracted attention from formulators looking for gentle yet effective ways to support the skin’s barrier. Over the past decade advances in recombinant technology made production reliable and cost-effective so Rh-Oligopeptide-33 has started appearing in an expanding range of over-the-counter skin care products. You will often find it in soothing masks, daily moisturizers, anti-aging serums, post-treatment recovery creams, blemish control spot gels and protective hand lotions where its goal is to keep skin calm and comfortable.

Rh-Oligopeptide-33’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses

This peptide offers two main functions that can improve how a formula performs on your skin:

  • Antimicrobial: Rh-Oligopeptide-33 can weaken or slow the growth of unwanted surface bacteria which helps keep the product itself fresher after opening and can reduce the likelihood of blemish-triggering microbes staying on the skin
  • Skin protecting: By supporting the skin’s natural defense system the peptide helps reinforce the barrier, making it better able to hold moisture and resist everyday irritants so skin feels smoother looks healthier and is less prone to redness

Who Can Use Rh-Oligopeptide-33

Most skin types tolerate Rh-Oligopeptide-33 well, including dry, oily, combination, mature and sensitive skin, because it copies a natural human defense protein and is used at low percentages. People with a known allergy to peptides or any other component in the finished formula should avoid it, otherwise there are no major restrictions tied to specific skin types.

The peptide is produced by fermenting genetically engineered E. coli so no animal tissue is involved. This makes it suitable for both vegans and vegetarians.

Current safety data does not flag the ingredient as problematic for pregnant or breastfeeding individuals when applied topically. That said this is not medical advice and anyone who is pregnant or nursing should show the full ingredient list of any product to their healthcare provider before use to be safe.

Rh-Oligopeptide-33 does not increase photosensitivity, so it will not make skin more prone to sunburn. Daily sunscreen is still essential for overall skin health.

Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

Responses to topical Rh-Oligopeptide-33 vary from person to person. The following points describe potential side effects although most users experience none of them when the ingredient is properly formulated and used as directed.

  • Temporary redness or warmth especially on very sensitive skin
  • Mild itching or tingling that subsides after a few minutes
  • Dry patches or tightness if applied too frequently without enough moisturizer
  • Allergic contact dermatitis in rare cases where the immune system reacts to the peptide or other formula components
  • Eye irritation if the product accidentally gets into the eyes

If any irritation or discomfort persists after use stop applying the product and consult a healthcare professional.

Comedogenic Rating

Rating: 0 / 5

Rh-Oligopeptide-33 is a large water-soluble peptide that does not contain oily or waxy residues that could clog pores. It sits on the skin surface, supports the barrier then rinses or wears away without leaving a film that traps sebum or dead cells. Because of this it is considered non-comedogenic.

Suitable for acne-prone or breakout-prone skin.

Its antimicrobial action may even help keep pore-blocking bacteria in check, though it should not replace proven acne treatments.

Summary

Rh-Oligopeptide-33 is a lab crafted copy of a natural human defense peptide. In skincare it brings two key benefits: it curbs unwanted surface microbes and it reinforces the skin barrier so moisture stays in and irritants stay out. These effects come from the peptide’s ability to interact with bacterial membranes while signaling skin cells to boost their own protective functions.

The ingredient is becoming more common in masks, serums and recovery creams as brands look for gentle science-backed actives. It is still less mainstream than retinol or niacinamide but its presence is growing thanks to advances in fermentation technology that keep costs in check.

Current data shows Rh-Oligopeptide-33 to be low risk for topical use with only minor chance of irritation in sensitive individuals. As with any new skincare ingredient it is wise to perform a patch test to ensure personal compatibility before full-face use.

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