Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Chondroitin Sulfate: What Is It, Cosmetic Uses, Benefits & Side Effects

Curious about this ingredient? In this article we're explaining exactly what it is and why it's used within cosmetic formulations.
Updated on: June 30, 2025
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We verify all information on this page using publicly available nomenclature standards from The Personal Care Products Council (PCPC), the European Commission's CosIng database and documentation provided directly by ingredient manufacturers. Our analysis is based on technical data from these sources to ensure accuracy and reliability.

What Is Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Chondroitin Sulfate?

Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Chondroitin Sulfate is a modified form of chondroitin sulfate, a naturally occurring molecule most often sourced from bovine or marine cartilage. In this case the original polysaccharide is chemically treated with butyric and formic acids, creating ester bonds that are then neutralized with sodium to form a water-soluble salt. These tweaks give the ingredient a lighter texture and better skin affinity compared with unmodified chondroitin sulfate.

Chondroitin derivatives entered personal care in the early 2000s as formulators looked for alternatives to hyaluronic acid for long-lasting surface hydration. By attaching short-chain fatty acids like butyric and formic acid, researchers found they could boost skin compatibility while preserving moisture-binding capacity. The resulting sodium salt is produced through a controlled esterification process, followed by purification and spray-drying to yield a fine, easy-to-disperse powder.

Because it is stable in a wide pH range and fully water dispersible, Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Chondroitin Sulfate is used in hydrating serums, anti-aging creams, overnight masks, soothing after-sun gels, eye treatments and even lightweight lotions aimed at sensitive or redness-prone skin.

Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Chondroitin Sulfate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses

In skincare formulas this ingredient serves one key role that translates into several user-friendly benefits.

Skin conditioning: By binding water to the surface of the skin it helps maintain a supple, plump feel, softens rough patches and supports the skin’s natural barrier. Its small molecular tweaks allow quicker absorption than standard chondroitin sulfate, leaving a non-sticky finish. Regular use can improve overall texture, reduce the appearance of fine lines caused by dehydration and enhance the performance of other moisturizing agents in the formula.

Who Can Use Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Chondroitin Sulfate

This ingredient is gentle enough for most skin types including dry, normal, combination and even sensitive skin because it focuses on lightweight hydration without pore-clogging oils. Oily or acne-prone skin can also benefit since the molecule has a non-greasy finish, though very reactive or highly inflamed skin should introduce it slowly to be sure it is tolerated.

Because the chondroitin base is usually harvested from animal cartilage, products containing this derivative are generally not suitable for vegans or strict vegetarians unless the label clearly states that a bio-fermented non-animal source has been used.

There is no evidence that topical Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Chondroitin Sulfate penetrates deeply enough to affect a developing fetus or nursing infant, so it is considered low risk for pregnant or breastfeeding women. That said this is not medical advice and anyone expecting or nursing should review all skincare products with a doctor to be safe.

The ingredient does not increase photosensitivity, so it will not make skin more prone to sunburn. Normal daytime sun protection habits still apply when using any skincare routine.

Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

Responses to any cosmetic ingredient vary from person to person. The effects listed below are possible yet uncommon when a product is formulated and used as directed.

  • Mild redness or flushing
  • Transient stinging or itching
  • Localized irritation on very sensitive skin
  • Allergic contact dermatitis in those with a cartilage or marine allergy
  • Rare clogged pores or breakouts if used in an overly occlusive formula

If you experience any of these reactions stop using the product and consult a healthcare professional.

Comedogenic Rating

Rating: 0–1 (virtually non-comedogenic)

Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Chondroitin Sulfate is a large water-binding polysaccharide salt with no oily or waxy residues so it does not sit inside pores or form a film that traps sebum. Its quick-absorbing, lightweight character means it leaves little behind that could feed acne-causing bacteria. For this reason it earns a 0–1 on the 0-5 scale.

Suitable for acne-prone or breakout-prone skin.

Only if the finished formula contains other heavy occlusives might the overall product feel pore-clogging, but the ingredient itself is not the culprit.

Summary

Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Chondroitin Sulfate conditions skin by grabbing and holding water at the surface, cushioning cells, softening texture and helping the natural barrier stay intact. The butyric and formic acid tweaks make it more skin-friendly than plain chondroitin sulfate, allowing it to absorb fast without stickiness.

While hyaluronic acid still dominates the hydration spotlight this derivative is gaining quiet popularity among formulators who want an animal-derived humectant with a silky feel and good compatibility across pH ranges.

Safety data show a low risk of irritation or sensitization and its comedogenic potential is near zero, yet it is always smart to patch test any new product to rule out personal sensitivities.

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