What Is Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Hyaluronate?
Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Hyaluronate is a modified form of hyaluronic acid where a portion of the molecule is esterified with butyric and formic acids, then neutralized with sodium to make it water soluble. This tweak keeps the backbone of hyaluronic acid, prized for its water binding skill, while adding short-chain fatty acids that can improve skin affinity and sensory feel. The idea of tailoring hyaluronic acid in this way emerged in the early 2000s when formulators looked for ways to give the classic hydrator a lighter texture and better penetration. Production starts with biotechnologically sourced hyaluronic acid, usually fermented from plant sugars, followed by controlled reaction with butyric and formic acid derivatives under mild conditions. The resulting sodium salt is purified, dried and milled into a fine powder ready to blend into water phases. You will most often spot it in lightweight serums, sheet masks, gel moisturizers, post-treatment soothing products and modern anti-aging formulas that aim to hydrate without heaviness.
Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Hyaluronate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
This ingredient mainly serves as a humectant, meaning it attracts and holds moisture from the environment or deeper skin layers. By binding water, it helps plump the surface, soften fine lines, support skin elasticity, enhance the spreadability of a product and leave a fresh non-greasy finish.
Who Can Use Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Hyaluronate
This modified hyaluronic acid is gentle enough for most skin types, including oily, dry, combination and sensitive skin. Because it binds water without leaving a heavy film it suits those who dislike rich creams or are prone to clogged pores. It does not contain common irritants or fragrances, so even reactive skin usually tolerates it well. There are no known concerns for any particular skin type, though people with a history of allergies to hyaluronic acid itself should proceed with extra care.
The ingredient is produced by fermenting plant sugars and contains no animal-derived material, making it appropriate for vegans and vegetarians.
Current data shows no link between topical use of Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Hyaluronate and problems during pregnancy or breastfeeding. This is not medical advice and anyone who is pregnant or nursing should show any skincare product to a qualified health professional before use to be safe.
It does not increase photosensitivity, so it will not make skin more likely to burn in the sun. Normal daytime sun protection practices are still recommended.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Responses to any cosmetic ingredient can vary from person to person. The following is a list of potential side effects that could occur, though they are unlikely for most users when the ingredient is properly formulated.
- Mild redness or stinging for a few minutes after application, usually settling quickly
- Temporary itching in very sensitive or broken skin
- Rare allergic reaction such as persistent swelling or rash, more common in individuals already allergic to hyaluronic acid derivatives
- Contact dermatitis if combined with other irritants in a complex formula
If any of these effects appear and do not resolve promptly discontinue use and seek advice from a healthcare professional.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 0/5. Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Hyaluronate is a water-soluble humectant that sits on the skin in a sheer film, pulls in moisture and does not contain oils or waxes that could block pores. It breaks down to very small, highly hydrophilic fragments that rinse away easily, so it has virtually no potential to trap sebum or dead cells. Because of this profile it is considered suitable for people who are prone to acne or breakouts. In formulas where it appears alongside heavy emollients the overall product could still be pore-clogging, but the ingredient itself is not.
Summary
Sodium Butyroyl/Formoyl Hyaluronate functions mainly as a humectant, drawing water into the upper layers of skin to keep it plump smooth and comfortable. The butyric and formic acid esters make the molecule more skin-friendly and help it spread evenly so it can deliver lightweight hydration without stickiness. While classic hyaluronic acid has long been a staple this tailored version is still a niche player found mostly in newer gel serums and masks that target users who want fast absorption and a fresh finish.
Safety data shows low irritation and no common red flags so it is generally considered safe for daily use on all skin types. As with any new skincare ingredient it is wise to perform a quick patch test when trying a product that contains it just to be on the safe side.