What Is Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate?
Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate is a family of surfactants created when medium to long chain hydrocarbons are converted into sulfonic acids then neutralized with sodium. The result is a white to off-white powder or paste that dissolves in water and acts like a soap. It is most often derived from petroleum fractions, though some makers start with plant-based alcohols to meet clean beauty goals.
The idea of using sulfonated hydrocarbons in toiletries dates back to the early 20th century when chemists were searching for soap alternatives that stayed effective in hard water. Over time the process was refined, giving formulators a reliable cleansing agent that is gentler than many older sulfates.
Manufacturing begins with straight-chain or secondary (sec) paraffins that are treated with sulfonating gas. After careful control of time and temperature the reaction mixture is neutralized with sodium hydroxide, filtered and dried. Adjusting the chain length distribution from C9 up to C22 lets chemists tune how much foam the final ingredient makes and how mild it feels on skin.
You will find Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate in a wide range of rinse-off products such as facial cleansers, body washes, shampoos and shaving creams. It also appears in exfoliating scrubs, bubble baths and some “low sulfate” formulas that aim for a softer touch while still giving plenty of lather.
Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate’s Cosmetic Benefits/Uses
This ingredient earns its place in formulations by helping water mix with oil and dirt so they can be rinsed away.
- Cleansing – lifts sebum, makeup and daily grime from skin or hair which leaves the surface feeling fresh and light
- Foaming – builds a rich lather that spreads product evenly across skin, improves sensory appeal and can reduce the amount of mechanical rubbing needed for a thorough wash
Who Can Use Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate
Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate generally works well for normal, oily and combination skin since it removes excess oil without the squeaky dryness some stronger sulfates can cause. People with very dry, sensitive or eczema-prone skin may find it a bit too cleansing if used daily because it can strip needed lipids when left on for long periods. Hair types follow a similar pattern: fine to medium strands often appreciate the light yet effective cleanse, while coarse or highly textured hair could benefit from extra conditioning alongside it.
The ingredient is made from petroleum fractions or plant-based alcohols and contains no animal derivatives, so it is suitable for vegans and vegetarians. Its production does not rely on animal testing in most regions due to established safety data, though checking the finished brand’s cruelty-free stance is still wise.
No specific warnings exist for pregnancy or breastfeeding, and the Cosmetic Ingredient Review panel considers it safe at typical rinse-off levels. This is not medical advice; expectant or nursing mothers should discuss any new skincare product with their healthcare provider to be safe.
Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate is not known to cause photosensitivity, so it will not make skin more prone to sunburn. It also does not interfere with common active ingredients like vitamin C or retinoids, making it easy to fit into most routines.
Potential Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
Responses to topical Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate can vary from person to person. The list below covers potential side effects that have been reported, yet they are uncommon when the ingredient is used at normal rinse-off concentrations formulated by reputable manufacturers.
- Dryness or tightness if left on the skin for extended periods
- Mild irritation such as redness or itching, especially on very sensitive skin
- Eye stinging if the lather accidentally gets into the eyes
- Color-treated hair fading slightly faster due to surfactant lift of dye molecules
If any discomfort or adverse reaction occurs stop using the product and seek advice from a qualified healthcare professional.
Comedogenic Rating
Rating: 1 / 5
Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate is water-soluble and rinses off cleanly so it does not linger on pores or leave an oily film that could trap debris. Its main job is to break up oil then wash away with water, which keeps it from building up inside follicles. For these reasons it earns a low score of 1 rather than a perfect 0, as any surfactant can cause mild surface dryness that might prompt some skins to produce more oil.
People who are prone to acne or frequent breakouts can usually use products containing this ingredient without fear of clogging.
A final note: comedogenicity can also depend on the full formula. Heavy oils or waxes paired with this surfactant may shift the overall pore-clogging risk, so always look at the product as a whole.
Summary
Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate is a versatile surfactant valued for two key talents: it loosens oil and dirt from skin or hair and whips up a stable foam that spreads easily and feels pleasant during use. Its cleaning power comes from a split personality structure with a water-loving head and an oil-loving tail, allowing it to surround grime then lift it away when you rinse.
While not as famous as classic sulfates like SLS, it shows up in many modern cleansers that promise a milder wash yet still deliver satisfying lather. Brands looking for sulfate-reduced or plant-aligned options turn to it because it balances performance with gentleness at typical rinse-off levels.
Current safety reviews rate this ingredient as low-risk when used as directed. Formulas keep concentrations within ranges proven to be non-sensitizing for most users. Still, every skin is unique so doing a small patch test with any new product is a smart habit to make sure it works for you.